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Ladakh India Tours - Travel - Vacations - Holidays - Car Rental Packages

Ladakh is one of the most beautiful places in the world which is situated at a height of 3513 meters above sea level. Situated on the western end of the Himalayas, Ladakh has four major mountains ranges - the Great Himalayas, Zanskar, Ladakh and the Karakoram range. Ladakh is a separate province of the state of Jammu and Kashmir and distinct in its culture and topography. It is a region which was opened to tourists only a few years ago. Since then, foreign tourists, particularly a large number of young visitors are traveling to Ladakh to see its unspoiled beauty. The region is predominantly Buddhist and several important Buddhist monasteries dominate the region. Some of them are located within a short distance from Leh and normally day excursions are ideal to visit most of them. The clean, dry air, magnificent scenery and the warm hospitality of the people makes the tour to Ladakh truly memorable. As you drive up and down this arid, barren, sun-beaten and wind-swept countryside, you may get a peculiar feeling that you are somewhere on the lunar surface – this topography character has given Ladakh the term “Moonland”. Below are some of the suggested tour packages of Ladakh from the team of Indo Vacations. If needed we would make the changes in the tour itinerary as per your personal wish. We look forward to welcome you in Ladakh!

Most Popular Ladakh Tours

22 Days Ladakh Tour
22 Days / 21 Nights

Delhi - Shimla - Dharamshala – Jammu - Srinagar – Gulmarg – Srinagar - Kargil – Zanskar - Kargil - Leh - Diskit – Nubra Valley - Diskit - Jispa - Manali – Chandigarh - Delhi
Ladakh Tour
15 Days / 14 Nights
New Delhi - Leh - Spituk - Phyang - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Alchi - Likir - Lamayuru - Stok - Leh - Sarchu - Jispa - Manali - Dharamshala - Amritsar - New Delhi
Best of Ladakh
10 Days / 9 Nights
New Delhi - Leh - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Spituk - Phyang - Leh - KhardungLa - Diskit - Panamic - Sumoor - Leh - New Delhi
 

More Ladakh Tours

Camel Safari in Ladakh
18 Days / 17 Nights

New Delhi - Manali - Rohtang - Tandi - Keylong - Sarchu - Gata - More Plains - Tsokar Lake - Puga - Tsomoriri Lake - Leh - Shey - Thiksey - Hemis - Leh - Hunder - Diskit - Tegger - Pinchimic - Panamic - Leh - New Delhi

Zanskar River Rafting Tour
17 Days / 16 Nights

New Delhi - Leh - Spituk - Leh - Kargil - Rangdum - Remala - Karsha Gompa - Pidmu - Nyerak - Lamaguru - Nimu - Alchi - Leh - New Delhi
Discovery of Ladakh 
14 Days / 13 Nights
Delhi - Amritsar - Dharamsala - Jammu - Leh Spituk - Phyang - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Stok - Alchi - Likir - Delhi
Cycling in Ladakh Tour 
14 Days / 13 Nights
New Delhi - Manali - Marrhi - Rohtang - Koksar - Sissu - Gondla - Tandi - Keylong - Gemur - Jispa - Darcha - Patseo - Baralacha La - Bharatpur - Sarchu - Brandy Nallah - Gata loops - Naki la - Lachungla - Pang - Tanglangla - Rumtse - Upshi - Karu - Leh - Khardungla Pass - Leh - New Delhi
Ladakh Jeep Safari
13 Days / 12 Nights
New Delhi - Leh - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Stok - Leh - ChumaThang - Sumdo - Karzok - Tsokar - Leh - New Delhi
Ladakh Biking Tour
12 Days / 11 Nights
New Delhi - Manali - Marrhi - Rohtang Pass - Jispa - Kunzam Pass - Spiti - Kibber - Sangla - Chitkul - Shimla - Chandigarh - New Delhi
Land of Ladakh
11 Days / 10 Nights
New Delhi - Leh - Likir - Yangthang - Rizong - Themisgam - Khalsi - Lamayuru - Wanla - Urshi -  Tar La - Mangyu - Alchi - Leh - New Delhi
Impressions of Ladakh
10 Days / 9 Nights

Delhi - Leh - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Spituk - Phyang - Choglamsar - Lamayuru - Alchi - Delhi
Ladakh Short Tour
9 Days / 8 Nights

New Delhi - Leh - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Spituk - Phyang - KhardungLa Pass - Leh - Pangong Lake - Leh - New Delhi
Ladakh Travel
7 Days / 6 Nights

New Delhi - Leh - Shey - Thikse - Hemis - Spituk - Phyang - KhardungLa - Leh - New Delhi
Ladakh Yak Safari Tour
4 Days / 3 Nights
Leh - Tso Moriri - Leh
 

Ladakh Trekking Tours

Ladakh Trekking Tour
13 Days / 12 Nights

New Delhi - Manali - Rohtang Pass - Chhatru - Takcha - Losar - Rangrik - Kibber - Karzok - Mahe  - Leh - Thikse - Shey - Hemis - Spituk - Phyang - Leh - New Delhi
Trekking in Markha
13 Days / 12 Nights
New Delhi - Leh - Stok - Zingchen - Markha - Nimaling - Shang - Hemis - Leh - New Delhi - Agra - New Delhi
Trekking in Nubra Valley
12 Days / 11 Nights

New Delhi - Leh - Stok - Zingchen - Markha - Nimaling - Shang - Hemis - Leh - New Delhi - Agra - New Delhi
Trekking in Ladakh Tour
12 Days / 11 Nights

New Delhi - Manali - Marrhi - Jispa - Brandy Nallah - Leh - Thiksey - Spituk - Leh - New Delhi
11 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
11 Days / 10 Nights

Hemis - Shang Sumdo - Latza Kongmaru - Kongmaru-la - Langtang Chu - Sorra - Dat - Yar-la - Lungmo Che - Lun - Marangla - Takh - Baralacha-la - Darsha
Padum Trekking Tour
10 Days / 09 Nights

Padum - Karsha - Pishu - Hanumil - Parti-la - Snertse - Hanuma-la - Lingshed - Sengge-la - Photoksar - Sirsir-la - Hanupatta - Wanla - Lamayuru
10 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
10 Days / 09 Nights

Delhi - Shimla - Dharamshala – Jammu - Srinagar – Gulmarg – Srinagar - Kargil – Zanskar - Kargil - Leh - Diskit – Nubra Valley - Diskit - Jispa - Manali – Chandigarh - Delhi
Kishtwar Padum Trekking Tour
10 Days / 09 Nights

Kishtwar - Galhar - Labradi - Atholi - Chichot - Hangoo - Sumcham - Camp at the plateau - Camp near the Stream - Camp at the cliffs - Umasi-la - camp near the bridge - Ating - Sani - Padum
Markha Valley Trekking Tour
09 Days / 08 Nights

Leh - Spituk - Zinchen - Kandala base - Skiu - Markha - Tchatchutse - Nimaling - Shang Sumdo - Hemis - Leh
7 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
07 Days / 06 Nights

Padum - Thongde - Thongde-la - Shade - Phuktal - Ichar - Bardan Gompa - Padum
6 Days Lamayuru Trekking Tour
06 Days / 05 Nights

Lamayuru - Prinkiti-la - Hinju - Konzke-la - Sumda - Dundunchen-la - Chilling - Shingo - Ganda-la - Rumbak - Stok-la - Stok - Leh
6 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
06 Days / 05 Nights

Lamayuru – Wanla - Hinju - Kongski-La Base - Pullo - Dun-Dun Chan - Chilling
5 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
05 Days / 04 Nights

Leh - Lamayuru - Urshi - Tar la - Marg Gyu - Gera - Alchi - Leh
4 Days Ladakh Trekking Tour
04 Days / 03 Nights

Leh - Spituk - Zinchen - Yurutse - Foot of the Stok-la - Stok - Leh

Tour Experiences Testimonials & References

Dear Sanjeev,
My friend I wanted to take a moment and write to thank you for a wonderful and very informative trip for myself and the group of people that came with me to India recently. It was a very inspiring experience. Your knowledge is incredible along with the high level of organization that you orchestrated for the 16 day journey that we all enjoyed. The experiences were heightened by the personal sharing that you did with each of us and collectively as a group..
..
(Dr. Steven L. Hairfield Ph.D - USA)
More on Ladakh Tourism & Tour Packages........

Group Tours Departures.........

About Ladakh
(History - Monasteries - Monks  - Buddhism - Culture - Ladakhi Tea)

Ladakh can still be described as an oasis of Tibetan Buddhist culture even though its social and religious structures are changing under the pressure of modernity. Ladakh is also the last refuge for Buddhism in its Tibetan form and it is still practiced here in its purest form. Following the strict restriction of free religious expression and practice by the Chinese in Tibet and many of the monastery they were broken up and scattered, many monks and priests fled not only to India but also to Ladakh which offered them new homes in its several monasteries.

The four great religious schools of Tibetan Buddhism are still represented in Ladakh, that offer their teachings in harmonious co-exis-tence with each other: The “unreformed” Red Hat school of the Nyingmapa which was founded in the 8th century. C.E. by the great teacher Padmasambhava, the “ half-reformed” Red Hat Order of the in the monasteries of Lamayuru, phiyang, Wanla, Hemis, Bardan, and Sani. The Sakyapa School (Matho Monastery) and the Yellow Hat Gelugpa Order (the monasteries of Spituk, Likir, Rangdun, etc.) that arose as the “School of the honorable” in the wake of a Reformation carried out by Tsongkhapa in the 14th Century. Together with the Kargyupa it is the most important and most widespread order. Its spiritual head is the Dalai Lama.

History of Ladakh

The history of Ladakh’s settlement can be traced to the 5th century B.C.E. Burial finds and relief sculptures on cliffs bear witness to the early presence of Indo-Aryan tribes in this region; Dards, Balti and Mon. Together with migrants of Tibe-tan Mongolian descent they constitute a mixed population that speaks a Sino-Tibetan dialet. The area was a tributary of the Tibetan empire which was founded in the 7th century C.E.In 930 C.E. the Tibetan Yarklun Dynasty was established in Ladakh, which reigned with many ups and downs until 1740.In the 15th century, after the monarchy had been divided into two lines, King Lhachen Bhagan succeeded in reuniting. The royal resi-dence was then established in Leh.The new dynasty gave itself the name “Namgyal,” (“Great Victer”), and in fact ladakh enjoyed a period of cultural flowering under their rule. However, the country was repeatedly the victim of Tibetan and Kashmiri covetousness and was forced to defend itself against some attacks of the Mongols.

At the end of the 17th century the Islamic Kashmir provided with military assistance against Tibet and received tribute in payment. In1846 the kingdom finally lost its independence altogether; it was occupied and annexed by the Kashmiri Maharaja of the Dogra Dynasty. The king and the nobility were exposed of power and the residence of the royal family was removed to Stok. In1947, when the Indian-British Raj was divided into Moslem Pakistan and the Indian Union, the Maharaja of primarily Islamic Kashmir was un-sure which of two states he should join with. He appealed to India for assistance against invading Pakistani troops, which succeeded in repeling the Pakistan’s attempted invasion but which has since then claimed full control over Kashmir, just as Pakistan does. Thus the succeeding conflicts were pre-programmed. The conflicting parties continually evaded the demand for a referendum.

A truce-line (Line of Control) was drawn through United Nations mediation; since then military forces of both countries stand facing each other across the Line. Ladakh, too, has been a victim of the uneven political situation in the region due to the ever-recurring fighting and border conflicts with China as well. Pakistan abandoned a portion of the Ladakhi region of Baltistan, which it had occupied, to China. China, furthermore, annexed Aksai-chin, the north-eastern part of Ladakh bordering on Tibet, after military clashes with India, with the result that the old kingdom of Ladakh is divided into four parts today. And has lost almost 38,000 km of land.

Monasteries of Ladakh

Initially, the monasteries were located far away from people and noise, like the caves of the ascetics and hermits from which they frequently developed. The mandala was commonly used as the basis of monastery architecture. Not until 16th century, when the Red and Yellow Hat orders were drawn into the political conflict between Ladakh and Tibet the monasteries were built like fortresses in strategically important locations and elevated high above the valleys. Only a few monasteries have remained unchanged since the early phase.

The monasteries, visually and culturally dominating Ladakh to an amazing extent, as nowhere else on earth, seem to express the way nature is experienced here in religious form. They stand on exposed places; on steep slopes, part of the mountain range itself, points of crystallization where stone, light and tranquillity come together. They guard treasure of many and various kinds; the treasure of wisdom, expressing itself in the practice of meditation and right world-view, the treasure of exact knowledge and mastery of the customs for the benefit of human, and all through strengthening the good and driving back evil. Reincarnations of saints are admired in the person of the abbots of the monasteries.

Smaller monasteries often consist of only one room, in larger ones on the other hand many buildings cluster around a central courtyard, in which ceremonies are celebrated and Chamdances are presented. The audience sits in a gallery that is built around the courtyard.

The dukhang,” or assembly hall, is an important building, in which three areas are separated by eight or sixteen wooden pillars, and on whose interior walls scenes from the life of the Buddha, of the saints and of the abbots are painted.The ritual prayers and ceremonies of the monks take place here, as well as the altar of the protector-deity is here.

In front of the monks’ seats there are small varnish tables for the ritual objects of Tibetan Buddhism: Diamond-scepter and bell, hand-drums, teacups for the traditional butter tea and eating bowl. The Lhakang is the center of the monastery and is the most richly decorated area, with beautifully painted interior rooms expressing respect to the Buddhas, Bodhisattvas and protector-deities. Initially the latter were harmful spirits and demons of ancient popular beliefs which according to tradition were subsequently subdued by saints and integrated as guardians of Vajrayana Buddhism. In the course of time several Lhakangs could be constructed, witnessesing changes in religious focus and interpretation of the teachings.

For the most part the monks themselves settle below the monastery in dwellings, mostly built of adobe, that belong to them and are inherited from one generation to another within their families. Today some of these abodes have glass windows and electricity, and reflect the social status of the family through their size, equipment and furnishings. They often stick like honeycombs on the steep cliff faces and can only be reached by ladders.

Until recently about ane-fourth of the male population of Ladakh lived in monasteries; at present the tendency is declining. Monasticism is extremely bound up with the structure of the society as a whole. In most cases a family’s youngest son is handed over to a monastery as a child and he is raised there. The family continues to provide for his material needs. He live together with a teacher for whom he performs small services and who is responsible for his religious and personal care.

Monks of Monasteries

Monk takes his place in the hierarchy according to his level of education and training, with corresponding tasks and duties. He is regarded as fully intended only after he has taken the complete 225 vows. Such monks and lamas are no longer involved in worldly activities at all, but rather dedicate themselves exclusively to religion.

The treasure of education is manifest in the libraries and in the effort to open up wisdom and knowledge to young people, and finally, the art treasures make all this aspiration visible as objects to the eye. Trained monks and other artists, enlightened through meditation and drawing on the store of religious faith and experience and have created amazing painting and sculptures that decorate the walls of the prayer-rooms and temple. Both the mind and the spirit can immerse themselves in contemplation of these mandalas and representations of the lives of the bodhisattvas and the saints; fixed as they are in religious memory, utterly exact in their conception, style and structure. Meditation deities in all their aspects serve as aids on the inner path. The splendid colors and richness of design of the frescoes, roll-painting (thangkas) and statues contrast with the wonderful bareness of the monasteries’ architecture and the desert-like mountain landscape surrounding them.

Development of Buddhism in Ladakh

During and after the reign of the Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century B.C.E. in India Buddhism was spread with much enthusiasm and was brought to Ladakh, Tibet and China by way of Kashmir. Ancient reports describe Kashmir as the hub for the spread of Buddhism. According to Chinese sources 5000 monks were settled there at that time. Buddhism was spread frequently over the following centuries. In 78 C.E. 500 Kashmiri arhats were sent to Tibet. Scholars such as Sambhota who raised in Kashmir, translated religious texts and introduce and adapt the Kashmiri alphabet to the Tibetan language, until this time which has been purely a spoken language.

Fa-Hien, a Chinese on a pilgrimage to India worte in 399 C.E. that Buddhism was flourishing in Ladakh at this time. At the beginning of the 7th century C.E. the first king of Ladakh made Buddhism the state religion. In the 9th century, King Langdarma or Tibet, a follower of the Bön religion, repressed Buddhism, offended monks and destroyed their monasteries. It was only in the 10th century that Buddhism could be re-established in Tibet; the reintroduction took place from Ladakh. The great scholar of this era was Rinchen Zangpo, who translated many Sanskrit texts into Tibetan and is presumed to be the founded a total of 108 monasteries and temples. He brought painters and craftsmen from Kashmir to decorate them. He has a deep and lasting influence on the style of Tibetan religious art.

The combination of superb natural vistas and interest in a unique art-historical experience has drawn a growing stream of tourists to Ladakh since it was allowed to open its borders in 1974. At the same time the Ladakh gained the opportunity to expose themselves to the “western” world outside and thereby to the conflict with its life-style norms. A moderate modernization followed first reaching the cities of Leh and Kargil, but which is gradually reaching more remote valleys as well. ”Efforts at development” on the part of the Indian motherland bring electric power, radio, television and western clothing. State schools with Indian teacher and a university are replacing basic education, bringing the desire for uniqueness but unfortunately also uncertainty towards Ladakh’s own, traditional culture with them.

This traditional culture is caught up in a process of change; the first of coming fundamental changes in the society and the traditional system are already beginns to show. The close connection with the village population is beginning to loosen, the number of monks and priests are declining because of other career opportunities, in the state administration or in tourism are now available to those who would have chosen a monastic life in the past.

On the other hand, western travelers who are interested in Buddhism often come for a stay in the monasteries. Lamas and abbots also travel to the outside world for longer periods of time to give teachings in the new Buddhist centers abroad. In this way, Ladakh is once again be-coming a starting-point for the spread of Buddhism. Tourism, sparked by interest in the art treasures of Tibetan Buddhism also generates urgently needed funds for preserving them. But it is also a burden for the monasteries and its initial effects are critical; Theft of ritual and art objects that are then sold to tourists is by no means unknown. In addition, the precious frescoes suffer from the humidity that results from masses of visitors and their good condition is correspondingly endangered. Preservations and restoration are urgently necessary to protect these distinctive monuments to Vajrayana art completely and in their original locations together with all the treasures contained there.

Culture of Ladakh People

The people of Ladakh have developed a distinctive and well-adapted culture in response to extreme and difficult environmental and life conditions, resting on a flexible economy based on farming and grazing and extended barter of goods and services. The technical and social problem of survival was regarded as capable of being mastered throught artificial irrigation, socislly anchored community services and rules concerning mutual assistance. Because the brief summer period demands everyone’s participation during sowing and harvest, children, as well as monks and nuns from the monasteries all provide a hand.

The main staple food is barley, followed by wheat ; here only fast-growing varieties can bring a yield. Apricots and apples as well as vegetables prosper in the deeper valleys. Some of the village families move to pastures higher up in the mountains with their domestic animals, sheep, goats, yaks, and dzo (a cross between yaks and domestic cattle), and produce important butter and other milk products there. Material for heating during the winter is obtained by collecting dung and dry, spindly wood from hushes; wool-production is important for domestic clothing needs and for export.

Until recently transport of local products was possible only on foot or with the help of beasts of burden. The courageous Ladakhis make journeys lasting day or weeks to come to a market or to a monastery celebration. They must often climb to passes up to 2000m high just to get from one valley to another, and crossing gorges and streams is only possible with the much difficulty.

In spite of these geographical hardships ladakh was always interweaved by a system of “vital arteries” seven major traden and caravan routes, representing the shortest route from India to central Asia, and from the Middle East to China and Tibet, passed through here. The caravans could spend the winter in the capital city of Leh, and important market and trade center arose there. Ladakh’s isolation from the rest of the world was overcome here,and cultural contacts were made possible by economic exchange.

Tea, salt, wood, metal, silk and jewelry could be obtained in exchange for domestic surplus products. Religious teachers also came on these roads and broughts. Refugees came and brought foreign culture with them.

Problem Areas of Ladakh

One main drastic loss that Ladakh has has to suffer has been the closing of the ancient and vital trade route to central Asia and China and the resulting cessation of free commercial traffic. Also, it was a result, Ladakh become ever more dependent on India economically. Indian in its turn recognized Ladakh’s strategic significance and built up numerous military bases and strengthened spends a great deal on the construction of roads and bridges, power supply, irrigation and many other development projects and tries to bind the remote area closer to itself. The desire for autonomy has been repressed until now; however, Ladakh took a first step towards greater independence from the State of jammu and Kashmir when it gained Hill Council Status in 1995. The character of the population has changed in the last decades: it has been manipulated by the presence of Indian soldiers by Tibetan refugees, and by economically motivated immigration from Kashmir. The latter, together with the tourists, cause the number of inhabitants of Leh to increase many times over during the summer months.

As desirable as the opening of the country in 1974 was for foreign contacts and tourism. It brought the Ladakhi population additional cultural and social pressures und in-security as well. The tension between” western” lifestyle, bringing new profession and a money economy on the one hand, and the traditional barter economy and religiously embedded way of life on the other is unmistakeable.

Due to changes in population policy, i.e. high immigration and even higher birth rates, resulting in part from the prohibition of the traditional polyandry, the ancient mode of economy, bound as it was to limited land resources, is no longer sufficient. New opportunities for jobs and training drain the villages of young people and men; this in turn disrupts the traditional, tried and tested structures of communal living. For example, to-day foreign labor power must be imported into the country for agricultural work; this in turn consumes a major portion of the profits.

Another new problem facing Ladakh, ensuing from the political and military conflict between India and Pakistan, is the deepened separation and even arguments between Moslems and Buddhists, although these religions had coexisted cordially until now. Islam had come to Ladakh from Kashmir and had taken root only in western Ladakh, mainly in the area of Kargil. In the capital itself about one-third of the inhabitants are Moslem, and marriages between Ladakh women and Moslem men were usual. But the trend towards fundamentalism has left its traces; within Ladakh there is now less mutual religious tolerance. With its Buddhist majority, Ladakh blames the government in Srinagar of inadequately respecting its cultural independence and integrity, and feels itself oppressed and economically exploited by the kashmiri Moslems. Ironically, the several stires in Leh offering Buddhist souvenirs are run by Moslem merchants from Kashmir. They earn their living by selling reproductions of Buddhist art treasures, made in Srinagar by Moslem craftsmen.

Gur - Special Ladakhi Tea

It is unthinkable for the ladakhi to drink  water during the long harsh winter, but at the same time it becomes necessary for them to consume some sort of liquid to eliminate the adverse effects of dehydration so they drink Gur-gur or salt tea in huge quantity in all seasons.

Tea is the national drink of the Ladakhis, which is enormously consumed by both men and women. Fifteen cups of tea is quite a normal at the functions like marriages and birth ceremonies and other social occasions in a day, consuming between thirty to fifty of tea amid dancing and laughter. Ladakhi often drinks a quarter to half a cup, fill it up; and put the lid on the cup to keep the tea hot and to protect it from dust etc. The cup is always refilled unless there is going to be a real break in the drinking.

The apparatus in which tea is churned is called Gur-gur, which is a cylindrical wooden churn with a dasher. Perhaps tea owes its name to the sound the churner makes at the time of mixing of its chief ingredient i.e the tea brew, salt milk and butter.

How the tea is prepared deserves a little mention. Some tea leaves with a pinch of soda bicarbonate is put in water and the pan is placed on fire and boiled vigorously adding water intermittently till it gives a thick red coloured brew. The brew is strained through a sieve and stored in another pot to be used later for making tea. A Ladakhi feels out of sorts and complaint of having headache if they do not take the desired quantity of tea in the morning. Through he or she is entitled to three long courses of tea a day, but before going out to attend to doing work have a dozen or more cups of tea.

Doctors do not recommend such an enormous consumption of salt tea to people who suffer from high blood pressure, but the majority of the Ladakh is regard tea as the best anti-dehydration measure. Paying little head to the doctors' advice they take their normal quota tea on all days.

In social gatherings men and women of blue birth has to be requested formally to drink tea or Chang, the local barley beer by the serving boy or girl by saluting or striking thrice the Tung-tak, the conch shells bangles, then the lady or the gentleman is obliged to take a sip of the beverage, such a huge consumption of tea invariably results in much urination in the cold months as the extra quantity of liquid gets no exit in the form of perspiration from the body.

Our local Ladakh Partner is given the special privilege during the Hemis and Lamayuru festivals of Ladakh. The special souvenir of Ladakhi handicraft are  given to each tourists.

Group Tours ..........

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