Rajasthan History |
Sources of History and Culture :
The advent of men in Rajasthan can claim greater antiquity
than many other regions of India. It is a geological fact that
the Aravalli ranges are older than the Himalayas. In ancient
rive beds and natural rock – shelters of Rajasthan have been
discovered fairly early traces of human habitations.
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Excavations at Ahar :
Something like what happened in Northern Rajasthan also
took place in South – eastern Rajasthan, in the Banas Valley.
It was colonization by a people from outside: from where
exactly, we do not know.
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Kalibangan :
Kalibangan is perhaps the largest prehistoric site in
Northern Rajasthan. It is situated in the Ganganagar District
(now Hanumangarh), which was formerly a part of the state of
Bikaner.
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Origin of the Guhilas :
Different views have been expressed about the origin of
the Guhilas. Abul Fazal, the court historian of Akbar,
believed that the dynasty was originated from
Naushervan-E-Adil, the emperor of Persia but also informs us
that they were regarded Brahmanas because their king was
nurthured by Brahmana in the Beginning of their history.
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Origin of
the Rajputs :
The theories about the origin of Rajputs can be classified
into certain categories. The most ancient theory is that they
are the progeny of sun, moon and fire. The reference to solar
and lunar dynasties is not traceable in the earliest Indian
literature.
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Durga Das Rathore :
Durga Dass Rathore, the son of Askaran, was a hereditary
jagirdar under Maharaja Jaswant Singh
I of Marwar. He was
present with the Maharaja at Jamrud when the died there in
harness.
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Maharana Kumbha :
The contemporary inscription, like Ranakpur, Chittor,
Kumbhalgarh and literary works, like the Ekligji throw a lot
of light on his exploits and wares through which he subdued
his neighbors and reduced his enemies to submission.
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Maharana Kumbha and his Cultural
Achievements :
The study of the cultural achievements of Maharana Kumbha
is based on the sources – contemporary and non-contemporary.
However, these sources do not directly yield any information
regarding cultural aspects in detail.
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Maharana Pratap :
At the time of Pratap’s accession, Chittor, the
traditional capital of Mewar, was not under the possession of
Guhilot Ranas of Mewar. In the words of Dr. G.N. Sharma “The
gaddi that he (Pratap) had acquired and the territory that he
inherited was not a bed of roses for the Rana.
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Maharana Sanga :
Fortunately to a person of firm resolution and plan, an
opportunity to derive advantage came. In Malwa there arose
disturbance between the Sultan and his minister Medini Rai.
The Purbia Rajputs also rose against the Sultan.
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Rawal Ratan Singh :
The rulers of Mewar had their glorious history by virtue
of offering tremendous resistance for the cause of their
country against the Arab and Turkish invaders.
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Raja Man Singh :
The Mughal aristocracy played a vital role in the
establishment of the Mughal Empire on a firm footing. It not
only contributed to the strengthening of the empire but it
also helped in setting up a sound Mughal administration.
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Sawai Jai Singh :
Sawai Jai Singh (1700 –1743 A.D.) easily finds a place
among the three preeminent Kachhawaha rulers of Amber, the
other two being Raja Man Singh, who figures so prominently
during the reigns of Akbar and Jahangir and Mirza Raja Jai
Singh.
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Maratha - Rajputs Relations :
The rise of Maratha in the 17th century is an important
event in Indian History. There were many causes of their rise.
The geographical situation, Bhakti movement, literature and
language.
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Mughals & Chauhans Resistance in Rajasthan :
In 1299 Alauddin had attacked Jaisalmer. However, the
attack on Jaisalmer was a mere raid as compared to the
invasion of Ranthambhor. Ranthambhor lies in the S.E. corner
of Rajasthan.
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Rajput - Muslims Relations :
The period of Delhi Sultanate may partly be described as a
period of Rajput principalities who had not so far submitted
to the Muslims or who had thrown off the yoke of allegiance at
the earliest opportunity.
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Rathore – Sisodia :
The confrontation of Raj Singh with the Mughals began from
1679. In that year Aurangzeb reimposed Jaziya tax on the
Hindus on the 2nd April,1679, which according to Dr. Ojha,
evoked a vigorous protest later from Raj Singh.
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Merging Rajput States :
December 1927 was a landmark in the
freedom movement of India with establishment of the All India
States people’s Conference with the aim of introducing
constitutional reforms and responsible governments.
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Structure of Society :
Rajasthani sources are lacking in the basic data for the
reconstruction of the structure of society and social life in
medieval Rajasthan. But if we take together inscriptions,
literature and archival records, they are of great value.
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